Camphor Oil is obtained by cooling and distilling the essential oil, a ketone, (+)-(1R)-camphor, which is present in the wood of this tall Asian tree, related to the Cinnamon tree. It is used as a counterirritant, providing mild local inflammation at or near the site of the pain. Camphor also has refrigerant properties, inducing a strong, cooling sensation when applied to the skin.

Cajuput Oil is steam-distilled from the leaves of this Australian tree, relative of the Tea Tree. It is known for its antiseptic properties and consists mainly of eucalyptol, but also nerolidol and methyleugenol.

Peppermint Oil is the volatile oil obtained by steam-distillation of peppermint leaves. It primarily contains menthol, an alcohol known for its spasmolytic and refrigerant properties.

Clove Oil is obtained by steam-distilling the dried flower-buds or cloves, which contains a number of phenolic compounds, mainly eugenol. The essential oil is a counter-irritant known for its local analgesic properties. Upon contact with the skin, it acts to depress sensory receptors involved in pain perception.

Cinnamon Oil is steam-distilled from the bark of this southwest Asian tree, a relative of the Camphor tree. It contains mainly cinnamaldehyde, as well as eugenol. It possesses counterirritant properties.

Bay Oil is steam-distilled from leaves of the Bay tree. The oil consists mainly of cineole, as well as linalool, eugenol, & isoquinoline alkaloids. It possesses counterirritant properties.

Wintergreen Oil or methyl salicylate is obtained by distilling the leaves of wintergreen. It is a counterirritant with rubefacient action, dilating the cutaneous blood vessels, resulting in warmth and redness which causes a disregard to the original pain. Excessive use of wintergreen oil may result in salicylate toxicity.

Eucalyptus Oil consists mainly of the monoterpene, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), which is obtained by steam-distilling the leaves of this Australian tree. It is known for its decongestant and antiseptic properties.